Fennel | saunf | Foeniculum vulgare | what is fennel | varities of fennel | Florence fennel | fennel benefits | Use of fennel

 FENNEL ( SAUNF)

Fennel

[Image credit by:- Flickr]

● Scientific name - Foeniculum vulgare

● Family - umbellifearae

● chromosome number 2n = 22.

● It is a kind of seed.

● Fennel is a kind of flowering plant from the carrot family.

● It is a hardy perennial herb with yellow flowers and feathery leaves.

● Fennel plants are green and white, with feathery leaves and yellow flowers.

● The most common cultivated fennel plant is called Florence fennel, and most of the plant is edible: while fennel's hollow stems can be a little tough, its edible white bulb is treated like a vegetable and its leaves ( which are similar in texture to dill), fruit (colloquially called seeds), pollen and essential oils are incorporated into dishes around the world.

● Commonly known as SAUNF.

● IT IS GROWN IN THE MEDITERRANEAN COUNTRIES OF ROMANIA AND INDIA.

● Fennel production data is combined with similar spices: anise, star anise and coriander.

In 2014, India produced 60% of world fennel production, with China and Bulgaria as the main secondary producers.

● Gujarat is the main state of fennel.

Fennel

● Fennel seeds are used as a spice and condiment.

● NUTRITION

According to the National Nutrient Database of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), a bulb of raw fennel weighing 234 grams (g) contains:

73 calories

0.47 g of fat

2.9 g of protein

17 g of carbohydrates

7.3 g of dietary fiber

without cholesterol

● The volatile oil in fennel seeds ranges from 1.0 to 1.5%.

● The main component of fennel oil is anethole.

 use fennel

● For a pleasant fragrance and a pleasant aromatic flavor.

● It has a pleasant and sweet aroma that resembles any seed.

● The fruits of fennel are sometimes confused with those of anise, which are similar in taste and appearance, although smaller.

● Fennel is also used as a flavoring in some natural toothpastes. The fruits are used in cooking and in desserts.

Climate and soil

● Cold weather crops require only a temperate climate.

● The dry and cold climate favors a high seed production.

Soil type -

● Well-drained clay to clay soil.

● Heavy dirt is more desirable than a light smile for higher performance.

Variety: -

⊙ U f - 32

⊙ FP - 35

Fennel leaf

⊙ Final Gujarat -1

⊙ lamsel 1 and lamsel 2

Sowing

● Fennel propagates through seeds that can be sown directly in the field or from seedlings that are grown in a nursery before planting.

● From the first week of October to mid-November for seeds.

● Sowing rate: 10 to 12 kg per hectare of direct seed.

● Spacing: 45 to 60cm

● For transplanting: 3 to 4 kg of seeds are needed per hectare in the nursery.

● Spacing: 18 × 60cm

 ● 100 in 60 CM

 Harvesting

● Since not all fruits ripen together, harvesting the umbels should be done 4 to 5 times after 10-15 days.

● umbel must be plucked before the fruit is fully ripe, when it is just turning from a deep green to a light yellow.

 ● Yield in grains

From 500 to 900 kg per hectare.

● Fennel: diseases

Leaf  (Ramularia) blight

Leaf spot

Damping off

Fusarium wilt

Powdery mildew

Neck rot

Rotten root

● Fennel: Insect Pests

Aphid

Thrips

Leaf-eating caterpillar / gram pod borer

Cutworm

Cigarette beetle

Pharmacy beetle

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